Industry 5.0: Human-Centric Engineering and Its Implications for Organizational Management

Review Article

Abstract

Industry 5.0 represents the next evolution of industrial development, extending beyond the automation and connectivity principles of Industry 4.0 by placing human well-being, sustainability, and resilience at the center of technological innovation. While Industry 4.0 primarily emphasized cyber-physical systems, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and smart manufacturing, Industry 5.0 promotes collaboration between humans and intelligent machines to create more adaptive, sustainable, and socially responsible production systems. Human-centric engineering seeks to combine advanced digital technologies with human creativity, ethical decision-making, and cognitive capabilities, thereby improving productivity while enhancing employee satisfaction and organizational resilience. Emerging technologies such as collaborative robots (cobots), artificial intelligence, digital twins, edge computing, augmented reality, and intelligent decision-support systems are transforming organizational structures, workforce management, and industrial operations. This review examines the fundamental principles of Industry 5.0 and explores its implications for organizational management with emphasis on human-centered engineering, sustainable manufacturing, workforce transformation, and digital innovation. The paper discusses the technological foundations of Industry 5.0, human–machine collaboration, organizational adaptability, leadership, skill development, and future challenges. By analyzing these concepts, the review provides insights into how Industry 5.0 can contribute to resilient organizations, sustainable industrial growth, and responsible technological advancement.