Adaptive Beekeeping Strategies to Mitigate Climate Impacts on Honey Bees in Australia

Review Article

Abstract

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are vital pollinators for both wild flora and agricultural crops, making them indispensable for biodiversity and food security. However, climate change poses significant threats to their health and productivity, including altered foraging patterns, reduced floral resources, increased susceptibility to pests and diseases, and disrupted colony dynamics. In Australia, these challenges are exacerbated by extreme weather events such as heatwaves, droughts, and bushfires. Beekeeping management techniques offer promising strategies to mitigate these climate-induced stressors. This review examines the interplay between climate change and honey bee health in the Australian context, highlighting the efficacy of adaptive beekeeping practices. Key techniques discussed include selective breeding for climate-resilient bee strains, optimized hive placement to buffer against extreme weather, supplemental feeding during resource-scarce periods, and integrated pest management to control Varroa mites and other stressors. Furthermore, the role of habitat restoration and conservation of native flora in supporting honey bee populations is explored. A comprehensive analysis of existing literature underscores the importance of collaboration between researchers, policymakers, and beekeepers to develop region-specific strategies. By synthesizing current knowledge, this review aims to guide future research and practical applications, ensuring the sustainability of honey bee populations and the ecosystem services they provide under a changing climate.